Beyond Diagnosis:
Understanding Brain Tumours (Low and High Grade)
Receiving a diagnosis of a brain tumour can feel overwhelming and bring many questions, emotions and uncertainties. This guide has been created by The Sophie Reid Neurological Association (SRNA) to help you understand your diagnosis, know what support is available and remind you that you are not alone.
What is a brain tumour?
A brain tumour is an abnormal growth of cells within the brain or surrounding tissues. Brain tumours can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and are often described as low-grade or high-grade depending on how quickly they grow and behave.
Every person’s experience is different, and the effects depend on the tumour’s type, size and location within the brain.
Understanding low-grade and high-grade brain tumours
Low-grade brain tumours (Grades 1–2)
- Usually grow slowly
- May remain stable for many years
- Can often be treated successfully with surgery and ongoing monitoring
- Sometimes require radiotherapy or chemotherapy
High-grade brain tumours (Grades 3–4)
- Grow more quickly
- Usually require prompt treatment
- Treatment may include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy
- Ongoing monitoring and supportive care are important
Recognising the symptoms
Symptoms vary depending on where the tumour is located and may include:
- Persistent or worsening headaches
- Seizures (fits)
- Changes in vision
- Weakness or numbness
- Problems with balance or coordination
- Speech or language difficulties
- Memory or concentration problems
- Personality or behaviour changes
- Nausea or vomiting
- Fatigue
What happens after diagnosis?
- Neurosurgery and neurology follow-up
- MRI and other imaging scans
- Discussion of treatment options
- Surgery (where appropriate)
- Radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy
- Physiotherapy
- Occupational Therapy
- Speech and Language Therapy (if needed)
- Neuropsychology support
- Counselling and emotional support – SRNA can provide this
Treatment and ongoing care
Treatment is personalised and depends on the tumour type, grade, location and your overall health. Your healthcare team will discuss the most appropriate treatment plan, which may include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies or careful monitoring.
If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, contact your specialist team or healthcare professional promptly.
Living well with a brain tumour
- Attend all follow-up appointments
- Take medication as prescribed
- Stay active within your abilities
- Eat a healthy, balanced diet
- Prioritise rest and good sleep
- Accept help from family and friends
- Look after your emotional wellbeing
- Ask questions and stay informed about your care
Fatigue, rehabilitation and wellbeing
Fatigue is common during and after treatment
- Pace yourself throughout the day
- Plan activities around your energy levels
- Take regular breaks
- Gentle exercise may help improve wellbeing
- Celebrate small achievements
- Ask for support when you need it
Family, friends and carers
A brain tumour diagnosis affects the whole family. Open communication, understanding and practical support can help everyone adjust. Family members and carers may also benefit from emotional support and information.